gender n 1: a grammatical category in inflected languages governing the agreement between nouns and pronouns and adjectives; in some languages it is quite arbitrary but in Indo-European languages it is usually based on sex or animateness syn grammatical gender 2: the properties that distinguish organisms on the basis of their reproductive roles; "she didn't want to know the sex of the foetus" syn sex, sexuality Source: WordNet. Princeton University
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Gendering, courtship and pay equality: developing attraction theory to understand work-life balance and entrepreneurial activity - Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive http://digitalcommons.shu.ac.uk/ciod_papers/54/ Gender articulated Gender Articulatedis a groundbreaking work of sociolinguistics that forges connections between language-related fields and feminist theory. Refuting apolitical, essentialist perspectives on language and gender, the essays presented here examine a range of cultures, languages and settings. They explicitly connect feminist theory to language research. Some of the most distinguished scholars working in the field of language and gender today discuss such topics as Japanese women's appropriation of "men's language," the literary representation of lesbian discourse, the silencing of women on the Internet, cultural mediation and Spanish use at New Mexican weddings and the uses of silence in the Anita Hill-Clarence Thomas hearings. http://books.google.com/?id=6d37lDUcLYEC&pg=PP11&dq=gender+is+socially+constructed+and+hegemonicSex Chromosomes and Sex Determination in Lepidoptera The speciose insect order Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies) and their closest relatives, Trichoptera (caddis flies), share a female-heterogametic sex chromosome system. Originally a Z/ZZ (female/male) system, it evolved by chromosome rearrangement to a WZ/ZZ (female/male) system in the most species-rich branch of Lepidoptera, a monophyletic group consisting of Ditrysia and Tischeriina, which together comprise more than 98% of all species. Further sporadic rearrangements created multi-sex chromosome systems; sporadic losses of the W changed the system formally back to Z/ZZ in some species. Primary sex determination depends on a Z-counting mechanism in Z/ZZ species, but on a female-determining gene, Fem, in the W chromosome of the silkworm. The molecular mechanism is unknown in both cases. The silkworm shares the last step, dsx, of the hierarchical sex-determining pathway with Drosophila and other insects investigated, but probably not the intermediate steps between the primary signal and dsx. The W chromosome is heterochromatic in most species. It contains few genes and is flooded with interspersed repetitive elements. In interphase nuclei of females it is readily discernible as a heterochromatic body which grows with increasing degree of polyploidy in somatic cells. It is used as a marker for the genetic sex in studies of intersexes and Wolbachia infections. The sex chromosome system is being exploited in economically important species. Special strains have been devised for mass rearing of male-only broods in the silkworm for higher silk production and in pest species for the release of sterile males in pest management programs. http://content.karger.com/ProdukteDB/produkte.asp?Aktion=ShowFulltext&ArtikelNr=111765&Ausgabe=234190&ProduktNr=231547Bible Verse Finder (bibref): Leviticus 19:19
http://bibref.hebtools.com/?book=%20Leviticus&verse=19:19&src=! 34436
The Prisoners of Gender by John BushoreCreateSpaceIt's not the same old love story when a princess and her guardian exchange bodies due to a botched magic enchantment. Add a clueless maid-servant, along with a half-witted giant who loves pretty girls, and this bawdy, spicy romance takes off with plenty of adventure and situational comedy. Princess Marissa, a virgin, yearns to be a man so she can control her fate. Captain Bardak is sworn to protect her. The caravan is attacked; all are killed, save the princess, the badly injured captain, and Janella, a loyal, but superstitious servant. They are taken captive by the minions of a vengeful wizard intent on torturing the princess. A spell goes awry, and the captain and the princess switch bodies, although they manage to keep the transformation secret. Can Bardak, in his unfamiliar, frail, female persona, manage to save Marissa, near dead in his battered body, so he can return her form in a virtuous state? It'll be a tough battle, because Marissa quickly learns to enjoy being a male full of testosterone and wants to try out her new "equipment." It doesn’t help matters that Janella lusts for the captain, not knowing it’s really her mistress. And even if Bardak succeeds in preserving “his” virginity, he’s likely to be executed by the princess’s suspicious, hardhearted father. Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity (Routledge Classics) by Judith ButlerRoutledge
One of the most talked-about scholarly works of the past fifty years, Judith Butler’s Gender Trouble is as celebrated as it is controversial. Arguing that traditional feminism is wrong to look to a natural, 'essential' notion of the female, or indeed of sex or gender, Butler starts by questioning the category 'woman' and continues in this vein with examinations of 'the masculine' and 'the feminine'. Best known however, but also most often misinterpreted, is Butler's concept of gender as a reiterated social performance rather than the expression of a prior reality. Thrilling and provocative, few other academic works have roused passions to the same extent. In a new introduction to the 10th-anniversary edition of Gender Trouble--among the two or three most influential books (and by far the most popular) in the field of gender studies--Judith Butler explains the complicated critical response to her groundbreaking arguments and the ways her ideas have evolved as a result. Nevertheless, she has resisted the urge to revise what has become a feminist classic (as well as an elegant defense of drag, given Butler's emphasis on the performative nature of gender). The book was produced, according to Butler, "as part of the cultural life of a collective struggle that has had, and will continue to have, some success in increasing the possibilities for a livable life for those who live, or try to live, on the sexual margins." An attack on the essentialism of French feminist theory and its basis in structuralist anthropology, Gender Trouble expands to address the cultural prejudices at play in genetic studies of sex determination, as well as the uses of gender parody, and also provides a critical genealogy of the naturalization of sex. A primer in gender studies--and sexy reading for college cafés. --Regina Marler Why Gender Matters: What Parents and Teachers Need to Know about the Emerging Science of Sex Differences by Leonard Sax M.D. Ph.D.Three Rivers PressAre boys and girls really that different? Twenty years ago, doctors and researchers didn’t think so. Back then, most experts believed that differences in how girls and boys behave are mainly due to differences in how they were treated by their parents, teachers, and friends. Race, Class, and Gender in the United States: An Integrated Study, Eighth editionby Paula S. RothenbergWorth PublishersRace, Class, and Gender in the United States: An Integrated Study presents students with a compelling, clear study of issues of race, gender, and sexuality within the context of class. Rothenberg deftly and consistently helps students analyze each phenomena, as well as the relationships among them, thereby deepening their understanding of each issue surrounding race and ethnicity. Women Don't Ask: Negotiation and the Gender Divide by Linda BabcockPrinceton University PressWhen Linda Babcock asked why so many male graduate students were teaching their own courses and most female students were assigned as assistants, her dean said: "More men ask. The women just don't ask." It turns out that whether they want higher salaries or more help at home, women often find it hard to ask. Sometimes they don't know that change is possible--they don't know that they can ask. Sometimes they fear that asking may damage a relationship. And sometimes they don't ask because they've learned that society can react badly to women asserting their own needs and desires. By looking at the barriers holding women back and the social forces constraining them, Women Don't Ask shows women how to reframe their interactions and more accurately evaluate their opportunities. It teaches them how to ask for what they want in ways that feel comfortable and possible, taking into account the impact of asking on their relationships. And it teaches all of us how to recognize the ways in which our institutions, child-rearing practices, and unspoken assumptions perpetuate inequalities--inequalities that are not only fundamentally unfair but also inefficient and economically unsound. With women's progress toward full economic and social equality stalled, women's lives becoming increasingly complex, and the structures of businesses changing, the ability to negotiate is no longer a luxury but a necessity. Drawing on research in psychology, sociology, economics, and organizational behavior as well as dozens of interviews with men and women from all walks of life, Women Don't Ask is the first book to identify the dramatic difference between men and women in their propensity to negotiate for what they want. It tells women how to ask, and why they should. Men ask for what they want twice as often as women do and initiate negotiation four times more, report economist Linda Babcock and writer Sara Laschever in the footnoted but engaging Women Don't Ask. With vivid research examples drawn from cradle, classroom and playground, the authors detail culture as the culprit in discouraging women from negotiating on their own behalf. Men, socialized in a "scrappier paradigm," learn to pursue and energize their goals at work and home. The two key elements are control and recognizing opportunity. For example, girls, rewarded for hard work, learn to see control as outside of themselves while boys are urged to take charge. Boys are schooled to recognize opportunity and girls to choose safe targets. Several chapters are focused on prescription; how women can decrease anxiety, anticipate roadblocks, plan counter-moves and resist conceding too much or too soon. The authors shine in their examination of culture and gender--and their optimism about how women can counter the culture. They falter whenever they adopt the "sexes-from-a-different-planet" fallacy. Most notably, in a chapter that details a "female approach" to negotiating. Overall, the authors have created a smart summary of research and used it to affirm every woman's urgent right to ask. --Barbara Mackoff When Linda Babcock asked why so many male graduate students were teaching their own courses and most female students were assigned as assistants, her dean said: "More men ask. The women just don't ask." It turns out that whether they want higher salaries or more help at home, women often find it hard to ask. Sometimes they don't know that change is possible--they don't know that they can ask. Sometimes they fear that asking may damage a relationship. And sometimes they don't ask because they've learned that society can react badly to women asserting their own needs and desires. By looking at the barriers holding women back and the social forces constraining them, Women Don't Ask shows women how to reframe their interactions and more accurately evaluate their opportunities. It teaches them how to ask for what they want in ways that feel comfortable and possible, taking into account the impact of asking on their relationships. And it teaches all of us how to recognize the ways in which our institutions, child-rearing practices, and unspoken assumptions perpetuate inequalities--inequalities that are not only fundamentally unfair but also inefficient and economically unsound. With women's progress toward full economic and social equality stalled, women's lives becoming increasingly complex, and the structures of businesses changing, the ability to negotiate is no longer a luxury but a necessity. Drawing on research in psychology, sociology, economics, and organizational behavior as well as dozens of interviews with men and women from all walks of life, Women Don't Ask is the first book to identify the dramatic difference between men and women in their propensity to negotiate for what they want. It tells women how to ask, and why they should. Delusions of Gender: How Our Minds, Society, and Neurosexism Create Difference by Cordelia FineW. W. Norton & Company“[Fine’s] sharp tongue is tempered with humor. . . . Read this book and see how complex and fascinating the whole issue is.”—The New York Times It’s the twenty-first century, and although we tried to rear unisex children—boys who play with dolls and girls who like trucks—we failed. Even though the glass ceiling is cracked, most women stay comfortably beneath it. And everywhere we hear about vitally important “hardwired” differences between male and female brains. The neuroscience that we read about in magazines, newspaper articles, books, and sometimes even scientific journals increasingly tells a tale of two brains, and the result is more often than not a validation of the status quo. Women, it seems, are just too intuitive for math; men too focused for housework.Drawing on the latest research in neuroscience and psychology, Cordelia Fine debunks the myth of hardwired differences between men’s and women’s brains, unraveling the evidence behind such claims as men’s brains aren’t wired for empathy and women’s brains aren’t made to fix cars. She then goes one step further, offering a very different explanation of the dissimilarities between men’s and women’s behavior. Instead of a “male brain” and a “female brain,” Fine gives us a glimpse of plastic, mutable minds that are continuously influenced by cultural assumptions about gender. Passionately argued and unfailingly astute, Delusions of Gender provides us with a much-needed corrective to the belief that men’s and women’s brains are intrinsically different—a belief that, as Fine shows with insight and humor, all too often works to the detriment of ourselves and our society. Race, Class, & Gender: An Anthology by Margaret L. AndersenWadsworth PublishingIntended for undergraduate- and graduate-level sociology courses, such as sociology of gender, women's studies, race and ethnic relations, introduction to sociology, social problems, and various multicultural/diversity/ethnic studies courses. Interdisciplinary courses may also use this book, such as anthropology, women's studies, African American studies, political science, education, counseling, social work, English, etc. Gendered Lives: Communication, Gender and Culture by Julia T. WoodWadsworth PublishingWritten by leading gender communication scholar, Julia T. Wood, GENDERED LIVES, Ninth Edition, introduces you to theories, research, and pragmatic information demonstrating the multiple and often interactive ways that our views of masculinity and femininity are shaped within contemporary culture. With the most up-to-date research, balanced perspectives of masculinity and femininity, a personal introduction to the field, and a conversational first-person writing style, GENDERED LIVES, Ninth Edition, is an engaging text that encourages you to think critically about gender and our society. Prosperity: Updated and Gender-Neutral by Charles FillmoreIn the Charles Filmore’s landmark classic "Prosperity," Fillmore explains humankind’s lawful appropriation of the supplies spiritually and electrically provided by God. When we understand and adjust our mind to the realm where these rich ideas and their electrical thought forms exist, we will experience in our temporal affairs what is called prosperity. In the Charles Filmore’s landmark classic "Prosperity," Fillmore explains humankind’s lawful appropriation of the supplies spiritually and electrically provided by God. When we understand and adjust our mind to the realm where these rich ideas and their electrical thought forms exist, we will experience in our temporal affairs what is called prosperity. |
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